srs-documentation（SRS 文档）

SRS Documentation Skill

Overview

This skill provides guidance for creating formal Software Requirements Specification (SRS) documents following the IEEE 830 standard structure.

IEEE 830 Standard Structure

1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose

• State the purpose of the SRS document
• Identify the intended audience
• Specify the scope of coverage

1.2 Scope

• Identify the software product by name
• Explain what the software will do
• Describe application benefits, objectives, goals
• Be consistent with related higher-level specs

1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations

• Define all terms used in the document
• Include technical terms, acronyms, abbreviations
• Reference glossary or appendix if extensive

1.4 References

• List all referenced documents
• Include document titles, numbers, dates, sources
• Identify version or revision information

1.5 Overview

• Describe document organization
• Explain the structure of remaining sections

2. Overall Description

2.1 Product Perspective

• System Context: How the product fits into the larger ecosystem
• System Interfaces: Connections to other systems
• User Interfaces: UI considerations and constraints
• Hardware Interfaces: Required hardware connections
• Software Interfaces: Required software connections
• Communications Interfaces: Network and protocol requirements
• Memory Constraints: Memory and storage limitations
• Operations: Normal and special operations modes
• Site Adaptation Requirements: Installation and deployment needs

2.2 Product Functions

• Summary of major functions
• High-level feature overview
• Organized by user or business function

2.3 User Characteristics

• General characteristics of intended users
• Educational level, experience, technical expertise
• Accessibility considerations

2.4 Constraints

• Regulatory requirements
• Hardware limitations
• Interface requirements
• Standards compliance
• Security considerations

2.5 Assumptions and Dependencies

• Factors assumed to be true
• Dependencies on other systems or components
• Conditions that if changed would affect requirements

3. Specific Requirements

3.1 External Interface Requirements

• User Interfaces: Detailed UI specifications
• Hardware Interfaces: Hardware interaction details
• Software Interfaces: API and integration details
• Communications Interfaces: Protocol specifications

3.2 Functional Requirements

Organized by:

• Feature or function
• User class
• Business object
• Mode of operation
• Stimulus/response sequence

Each requirement should include:

• Unique identifier (FR-XXX)
• Description of functionality
• Inputs and outputs
• Processing logic
• Error handling

3.3 Performance Requirements

• Response time requirements
• Throughput requirements
• Capacity requirements
• Resource utilization limits

3.4 Design Constraints

• Standards compliance
• Hardware limitations
• Software constraints
• Architectural requirements

3.5 Software System Attributes

• Reliability: Mean time between failures, recovery
• Availability: Uptime requirements
• Security: Access control, data protection
• Maintainability: Modification ease, documentation
• Portability: Platform requirements

3.6 Other Requirements

• Database requirements
• Operations requirements
• Internationalization requirements

4. Appendices

A. Glossary

Complete list of defined terms

B. Analysis Models

• Data flow diagrams
• Entity-relationship diagrams
• State diagrams
• Use case diagrams

C. Requirements Traceability Matrix

• Maps requirements to business objectives
• Maps requirements to test cases
• Shows requirement dependencies

Writing Guidelines

Requirement Characteristics

Each requirement should be:

Requirement Writing Style

DO:

• Use "shall" for mandatory requirements
• Use "should" for desirable requirements
• Use "may" for optional requirements
• Be specific and quantitative
• Use consistent terminology
• Write in active voice
• One requirement per statement

DON'T:

• Use vague terms (fast, user-friendly, flexible)
• Use negative requirements when possible
• Combine multiple requirements
• Include design/implementation details
• Use inconsistent terminology

Examples

Good Requirement:

FR-001: The system shall display search results within 3 seconds
of the user submitting a search query.

Bad Requirement:

The system should be fast and display results quickly.

Requirement ID Conventions

Functional Requirements

FR-XXX: Core functional requirements
FR-AUTH-XXX: Authentication related
FR-RPT-XXX: Reporting related
FR-INT-XXX: Integration related

Non-Functional Requirements

NFR-PERF-XXX: Performance
NFR-SEC-XXX: Security
NFR-REL-XXX: Reliability
NFR-USA-XXX: Usability
NFR-MAINT-XXX: Maintainability

Constraints

CON-XXX: General constraints
CON-REG-XXX: Regulatory constraints
CON-TECH-XXX: Technical constraints

Priority Levels

MoSCoW Method

Risk-Based Priority

Document Formatting

Section Numbering

1. Introduction
   1.1 Purpose
   1.2 Scope
2. Overall Description
   2.1 Product Perspective

Requirement Tables

| ID | Description | Priority | Status | Source |
|----|-------------|----------|--------|--------|
| FR-001 | User login | M | Approved | Stakeholder Meeting 2024-01-15 |

Cross-References

• Use hyperlinks within document
• Reference by ID: "See FR-001"
• Include traceability: "Implements BR-003"

Validation Checklist

Before finalizing SRS, verify:

• All sections of IEEE 830 template completed
• All requirements have unique identifiers
• All requirements are verifiable
• No conflicting requirements
• All terms defined in glossary
• Traceability matrix complete
• Stakeholder sign-off obtained
• Version control and change history included

See template.md for the complete SRS template. See checklists.md for validation checklists.