using-git-spice（使用 git 香料）

Using git-spice

Overview

git-spice (gs) is a CLI tool for managing stacked Git branches and their Change Requests.

Core principle: git-spice tracks branch relationships (stacks) and automates rebasing/submitting dependent branches.

Key Concepts

Stack terminology:

• Stack: All branches connected to current branch (both upstack and downstack)
• Upstack: Branches built on top of current branch (children and descendants)
• Downstack: Branches below current branch down to trunk (parents and ancestors)
• Trunk: Main integration branch (typically main or master)

Example stack:

┌── feature-c     ← upstack from feature-b
├── feature-b     ← upstack from feature-a, downstack from feature-c
├── feature-a     ← downstack from feature-b
main (trunk)

When on feature-b:

• Upstack: feature-c
• Downstack: feature-a, main
• Stack: feature-a, feature-b, feature-c

Quick Reference

Command shortcuts: Most commands have short aliases. Use gs --help to see all aliases.

Common Workflows

These workflows apply to single-repository scenarios. For features spanning multiple repositories, see Multi-Repo Workflows below.

Workflow 1: Create and Submit Stack

# One-time setup
gs repo init
# Prompt asks for trunk branch (usually 'main')

# Create stacked branches
gs branch create feature-a
# Make changes, commit with git
git add . && git commit -m "Implement A"

gs branch create feature-b  # Stacks on feature-a
# Make changes, commit
git add . && git commit -m "Implement B"

gs branch create feature-c  # Stacks on feature-b
# Make changes, commit
git add . && git commit -m "Implement C"

# View the stack
gs log short

# Submit entire stack as PRs
gs stack submit
# Creates/updates PRs for all branches in stack

Workflow 2: Update Branch After Review

# You have feature-a → feature-b → feature-c
# Reviewer requested changes on feature-b

git checkout feature-b
# Make changes, commit
git add . && git commit -m "Address review feedback"

# Rebase upstack (feature-c) on updated feature-b
gs upstack restack

# Submit changes to update PRs
gs upstack submit
# Note: restack only rebases locally, submit pushes and updates PRs

CRITICAL: Don't manually rebase feature-c! Use gs upstack restack to maintain stack relationships.

Workflow 3: Sync After Upstream Merge

# feature-a was merged to main
# Need to update feature-b and feature-c

# Sync with remote (pulls main, deletes merged branches)
gs repo sync

# Restack everything on new main
gs repo restack

# Verify stack looks correct
gs log short

# Push updated branches
gs stack submit

CRITICAL: Don't rebase feature-c onto main! After feature-a merges:

• feature-b rebases onto main (its new base)
• feature-c rebases onto feature-b (maintains dependency)

When to Use Git vs git-spice

Use git-spice for:

• Creating branches in a stack: gs branch create
• Rebasing stacks: gs upstack restack, gs repo restack
• Submitting PRs: gs stack submit, gs upstack submit
• Viewing stack structure: gs log short
• Deleting branches: gs branch delete (restacks children)

Use git for:

• Making changes: git add, git commit
• Checking status: git status, git diff
• Viewing commit history: git log
• Individual branch operations: git checkout, git switch

Never use git rebase directly on stacked branches - use git-spice restack commands to maintain relationships.

Common Mistakes

Red Flags - Check Documentation

• Confused about stack/upstack/downstack scope
• About to run git rebase on a tracked branch
• Unsure which submit command to use
• Getting "not tracked" errors

When uncertain, run gs <command> --help for detailed usage.

Authentication and Setup

First time setup:

# Authenticate with GitHub/GitLab
gs auth login
# Follow prompts for OAuth or token auth

# Initialize repository
gs repo init
# Sets trunk branch and remote

# Verify setup
gs auth status

Handling Conflicts

If gs upstack restack or gs repo restack encounters conflicts:

1. Resolve conflicts using standard git workflow (git status, edit files, git add)
2. Continue with git rebase --continue
3. git-spice will resume restacking remaining branches
4. After resolution, run gs upstack submit to push changes

If you need to abort a restack, check gs --help for recovery options.

Multi-Repo Workflows

Per-Repo Stacking Limitation

Git-spice operates on ONE repository at a time. In multi-repo spectacular features:

• Each repo has its own independent stack
• Cannot create a cross-repo linear stack
• Branches stay within their respective repos

Multi-Repo PR Submission

For features spanning multiple repos, submit PRs in phase order:

Phase-ordered submission:

# Phase 1 repos first (foundation)
cd shared-lib
gs stack submit
cd ..

# Phase 2 repos second
cd backend
gs stack submit
cd ..

# Phase 3 repos last (depends on earlier phases)
cd frontend
gs stack submit
cd ..

Why phase order matters:

• Phase 1 changes (e.g., shared types) must merge before Phase 2 consumers
• Prevents broken builds from missing dependencies
• Mirrors the execution order during development

Multi-Repo Stack Visualization

View stacks across all repos:

# From workspace root
for repo in backend frontend shared-lib; do
  echo "=== $repo ==="
  cd $repo && gs log short && cd ..
done

Multi-Repo Sync

After PRs merge, sync all repos:

# From workspace root
for repo in backend frontend shared-lib; do
  echo "Syncing $repo..."
  cd $repo && gs repo sync && cd ..
done

Coordinating Cross-Repo Dependencies

If PR in repo A depends on PR in repo B:

1. Merge repo B's PR first
2. Update repo A to use the merged changes
3. Then merge repo A's PR

Example:

shared-lib: PR for new types
  ↓ (merge first)
backend: PR using new types
  ↓ (merge second)
frontend: PR using backend API
  ↓ (merge third)

Additional Resources

• Full CLI reference: gs --help
• Command-specific help: gs <command> --help
• Configuration: gs config --help
• Official docs: https://abhinav.github.io/git-spice/