Protractor Automation Skill (Deprecated)
Protractor reached end-of-life in 2023. Angular team recommends Playwright or Cypress.
For TestMu AI cloud execution, see reference/cloud-integration.md and shared/testmu-cloud-reference.md.
Core Patterns
Basic Test
describe('Login', () => {
beforeEach(async () => {
await browser.get('/login');
});
it('should login with valid credentials', async () => {
await element(by.model('email')).sendKeys('user@test.com');
await element(by.model('password')).sendKeys('password123');
await element(by.css('button[type="submit"]')).click();
expect(await browser.getCurrentUrl()).toContain('/dashboard');
expect(await element(by.css('.welcome')).getText()).toContain('Welcome');
});
it('should show error for invalid credentials', async () => {
await element(by.model('email')).sendKeys('wrong@test.com');
await element(by.model('password')).sendKeys('wrong');
await element(by.css('button[type="submit"]')).click();
expect(await element(by.css('.error')).isDisplayed()).toBe(true);
});
});Angular-Specific Locators
element(by.model('ctrl.email')); // ng-model
element(by.binding('ctrl.username')); // Angular binding
element(by.exactBinding('ctrl.name')); // Exact binding
element(by.repeater('item in items')); // ng-repeat
element.all(by.repeater('item in items')).count(); // Count repeater
element(by.cssContainingText('.item', 'Active')); // CSS + text
element(by.buttonText('Submit')); // Button text
element(by.partialButtonText('Sub')); // Partial textPage Objects
class LoginPage {
constructor() {
this.emailInput = element(by.model('email'));
this.passwordInput = element(by.model('password'));
this.loginButton = element(by.css('button[type="submit"]'));
this.errorMessage = element(by.css('.error'));
}
async login(email, password) {
await this.emailInput.sendKeys(email);
await this.passwordInput.sendKeys(password);
await this.loginButton.click();
}
}
// Usage
const loginPage = new LoginPage();
await loginPage.login('user@test.com', 'password123');protractor.conf.js
exports.config = {
framework: 'jasmine',
seleniumAddress: 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',
specs: ['specs/**/*.spec.js'],
capabilities: { browserName: 'chrome' },
jasmineNodeOpts: { defaultTimeoutInterval: 30000 },
onPrepare: () => {
browser.waitForAngularEnabled(true);
}
};Migration Guide
| Protractor | Playwright |
|---|---|
element(by.model('x')) | page.locator('[ng-model="x"]') |
element(by.css('#id')) | page.locator('#id') |
browser.get(url) | page.goto(url) |
element.sendKeys(text) | locator.fill(text) |
browser.sleep(ms) | page.waitForTimeout(ms) |
browser.waitForAngular() | Not needed (auto-wait) |
Cloud Execution on TestMu AI
Set environment variables: LT_USERNAME, LT_ACCESS_KEY
// conf.js
exports.config = {
seleniumAddress: `https://${process.env.LT_USERNAME}:${process.env.LT_ACCESS_KEY}@hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub`,
capabilities: {
browserName: 'chrome',
'LT:Options': {
user: process.env.LT_USERNAME,
accessKey: process.env.LT_ACCESS_KEY,
build: 'Protractor Build',
name: 'Protractor Test',
platformName: 'Windows 11',
video: true,
console: true,
network: true,
},
},
};Run: npx protractor conf.js (deprecated, use Playwright/Cypress instead)
Deep Patterns
For advanced patterns, debugging guides, CI/CD integration, and best practices, see reference/playbook.md.