Frameworks on Netlify
Netlify supports any framework that produces static output. For frameworks with server-side capabilities (SSR, API routes, middleware), an adapter or plugin translates the framework's server-side code into Netlify Functions and Edge Functions automatically.
How It Works
During build, the framework adapter writes files to .netlify/v1/ — functions, edge functions, redirects, and configuration. Netlify reads these to deploy the site. You do not need to write Netlify Functions manually when using a framework adapter for server-side features.
Detecting Your Framework
Check these files to determine the framework:
| File | Framework |
|---|---|
astro.config.* | Astro |
next.config.* | Next.js |
nuxt.config.* | Nuxt |
vite.config.* + react-router | Vite + React (SPA or Remix) |
app.config.* + @tanstack/react-start | TanStack Start |
svelte.config.* | SvelteKit |
Framework Reference Guides
Each framework has specific adapter/plugin requirements and local dev patterns:
- Vite + React (SPA or with server routes): See references/vite.md
- Astro: See references/astro.md
- TanStack Start: See references/tanstack.md
- Next.js: See references/nextjs.md
General Patterns
Client-Side Routing (SPA)
For single-page apps with client-side routing, add a catch-all redirect:
# netlify.toml
[[redirects]]
from = "/*"
to = "/index.html"
status = 200Custom 404 Pages
- Static sites: Create a
404.htmlin your publish directory. Netlify serves it automatically for unmatched routes. - SSR frameworks: Handle 404s in the framework's routing (the adapter maps this to Netlify's function routing).
Environment Variables in Frameworks
Each framework exposes environment variables to client-side code differently:
| Framework | Client prefix | Access pattern |
|---|---|---|
| Vite / React | VITE_ | import.meta.env.VITE_VAR |
| Astro | PUBLIC_ | import.meta.env.PUBLIC_VAR |
| Next.js | NEXT_PUBLIC_ | process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_VAR |
| Nuxt | NUXT_PUBLIC_ | useRuntimeConfig().public.var |
Server-side code in all frameworks can access variables via process.env.VAR or Netlify.env.get("VAR").