metrickit（metrickit 命令行）

MetricKit

Collect aggregated performance metrics and crash diagnostics from production devices using MetricKit. The framework delivers daily metric payloads (CPU, memory, launch time, hang rate, animation hitches, network usage) and immediate diagnostic payloads (crashes, hangs, disk-write exceptions) with full call-stack trees for triage.

Contents

• Subscriber Setup
• Receiving Metric Payloads
• Receiving Diagnostic Payloads
• Key Metrics
• Call Stack Trees
• Custom Signpost Metrics
• Exporting and Uploading Payloads
• Extended Launch Measurement
• Xcode Organizer Integration
• Common Mistakes
• Review Checklist
• References

Subscriber Setup

Register a subscriber as early as possible — ideally in application(_:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:) or App.init. MetricKit starts accumulating reports after the first access to MXMetricManager.shared.

import MetricKit

final class MetricsSubscriber: NSObject, MXMetricManagerSubscriber {
    static let shared = MetricsSubscriber()

    func subscribe() {
        MXMetricManager.shared.add(self)
    }

    func unsubscribe() {
        MXMetricManager.shared.remove(self)
    }

    func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXMetricPayload]) {
        // Handle daily metrics
    }

    func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXDiagnosticPayload]) {
        // Handle diagnostics (crashes, hangs, disk writes)
    }
}

UIKit Registration

func application(
    _ application: UIApplication,
    didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?
) -> Bool {
    MetricsSubscriber.shared.subscribe()
    return true
}

SwiftUI Registration

@main
struct MyApp: App {
    init() {
        MetricsSubscriber.shared.subscribe()
    }
    var body: some Scene {
        WindowGroup { ContentView() }
    }
}

Receiving Metric Payloads

MXMetricPayload arrives approximately once per 24 hours containing aggregated metrics. The array may contain multiple payloads if prior deliveries were missed.

func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXMetricPayload]) {
    for payload in payloads {
        let begin = payload.timeStampBegin
        let end = payload.timeStampEnd
        let version = payload.latestApplicationVersion

        // Persist raw JSON before processing
        let jsonData = payload.jsonRepresentation()
        persistPayload(jsonData, from: begin, to: end)

        processMetrics(payload)
    }
}

Availability: MXMetricPayload — iOS 13.0+, macOS 10.15+, visionOS 1.0+

Receiving Diagnostic Payloads

MXDiagnosticPayload delivers crash, hang, CPU exception, disk-write, and app-launch diagnostics. On iOS 15+ and macOS 12+, diagnostics arrive immediately rather than bundled with the daily report.

func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXDiagnosticPayload]) {
    for payload in payloads {
        let jsonData = payload.jsonRepresentation()
        persistPayload(jsonData)

        if let crashes = payload.crashDiagnostics {
            for crash in crashes {
                handleCrash(crash)
            }
        }
        if let hangs = payload.hangDiagnostics {
            for hang in hangs {
                handleHang(hang)
            }
        }
        if let diskWrites = payload.diskWriteExceptionDiagnostics {
            for diskWrite in diskWrites {
                handleDiskWrite(diskWrite)
            }
        }
        if let cpuExceptions = payload.cpuExceptionDiagnostics {
            for cpuException in cpuExceptions {
                handleCPUException(cpuException)
            }
        }
        if let launchDiags = payload.appLaunchDiagnostics {
            for launchDiag in launchDiags {
                handleSlowLaunch(launchDiag)
            }
        }
    }
}

Availability: MXDiagnosticPayload — iOS 14.0+, macOS 12.0+, visionOS 1.0+

Key Metrics

Launch Time — MXAppLaunchMetric

if let launch = payload.applicationLaunchMetrics {
    let firstDraw = launch.histogrammedTimeToFirstDraw
    let optimized = launch.histogrammedOptimizedTimeToFirstDraw
    let resume = launch.histogrammedApplicationResumeTime
    let extended = launch.histogrammedExtendedLaunch
}

Run Time — MXAppRunTimeMetric

if let runTime = payload.applicationTimeMetrics {
    let fg = runTime.cumulativeForegroundTime    // Measurement<UnitDuration>
    let bg = runTime.cumulativeBackgroundTime
    let bgAudio = runTime.cumulativeBackgroundAudioTime
    let bgLocation = runTime.cumulativeBackgroundLocationTime
}

CPU, Memory, and Responsiveness

if let cpu = payload.cpuMetrics {
    let cpuTime = cpu.cumulativeCPUTime              // Measurement<UnitDuration>
}
if let memory = payload.memoryMetrics {
    let peakMemory = memory.peakMemoryUsage           // Measurement<UnitInformationStorage>
}
if let responsiveness = payload.applicationResponsivenessMetrics {
    let hangTime = responsiveness.histogrammedApplicationHangTime
}
if let animation = payload.animationMetrics {
    let scrollHitchRate = animation.scrollHitchTimeRatio  // Measurement<Unit>
}

Network and Cellular

if let network = payload.networkTransferMetrics {
    let wifiUp = network.cumulativeWifiUpload          // Measurement<UnitInformationStorage>
    let wifiDown = network.cumulativeWifiDownload
    let cellUp = network.cumulativeCellularUpload
    let cellDown = network.cumulativeCellularDownload
}

App Exit Metrics

if let exits = payload.applicationExitMetrics {
    let fg = exits.foregroundExitData
    let bg = exits.backgroundExitData
    // Inspect normal, abnormal, watchdog, memory, etc.
}

Call Stack Trees

MXCallStackTree is attached to each diagnostic. Use jsonRepresentation() to extract frame data, then symbolicate with atos or by uploading dSYMs to your analytics service.

See references/metrickit-patterns.md for crash/hang handling code and JSON structure details.

Availability: MXCallStackTree — iOS 14.0+, macOS 12.0+, visionOS 1.0+

Custom Signpost Metrics

Use mxSignpost with a MetricKit log handle to capture custom performance intervals. These appear in the daily MXMetricPayload under signpostMetrics.

let metricLog = MXMetricManager.makeLogHandle(category: "Networking")

See references/metrickit-patterns.md for signpost emission patterns and reading custom metrics from payloads.

Exporting and Uploading Payloads

Both payload types provide jsonRepresentation() for serialization. Always persist raw JSON to disk before processing — the system delivers each payload once. Use pastPayloads and pastDiagnosticPayloads on launch to recover missed deliveries.

See references/metrickit-patterns.md for export code and past payload retrieval.

Extended Launch Measurement

Track post-first-draw setup work as part of the launch metric:

let taskID = MXLaunchTaskID("com.example.app.loadDatabase")
MXMetricManager.shared.extendLaunchMeasurement(forTaskID: taskID)
await database.load()
MXMetricManager.shared.finishExtendedLaunchMeasurement(forTaskID: taskID)

Extended launch times appear under histogrammedExtendedLaunch in MXAppLaunchMetric.

Xcode Organizer Integration

Xcode Organizer shows aggregated MetricKit data across opted-in users. Use it for trend analysis alongside on-device collection routed to your own backend.

See references/metrickit-patterns.md for Organizer tab details.

Common Mistakes

DON'T: Subscribe to MXMetricManager too late

The system may deliver pending payloads shortly after launch. Subscribing late (e.g., in a view controller) risks missing them entirely.

// WRONG — subscribing in a view controller
override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    MXMetricManager.shared.add(self)
}

// CORRECT — subscribe in application(_:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:)
func application(
    _ application: UIApplication,
    didFinishLaunchingWithOptions opts: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?
) -> Bool {
    MXMetricManager.shared.add(metricsSubscriber)
    return true
}

DON'T: Ignore MXDiagnosticPayload

Only handling MXMetricPayload means you miss crash, hang, and disk-write diagnostics — the most actionable data MetricKit provides.

// WRONG — only implementing metric callback
func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXMetricPayload]) { /* ... */ }

// CORRECT — implement both callbacks
func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXMetricPayload]) { /* ... */ }
func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXDiagnosticPayload]) { /* ... */ }

DON'T: Process payloads without persisting first

The system delivers each payload once. If your subscriber crashes during processing, the data is lost permanently.

// WRONG — process inline, crash loses data
func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXDiagnosticPayload]) {
    for p in payloads {
        riskyProcessing(p)  // If this crashes, payload is gone
    }
}

// CORRECT — persist raw JSON first, then process
func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXDiagnosticPayload]) {
    for p in payloads {
        let json = p.jsonRepresentation()
        try? json.write(to: localCacheURL())   // Safe on disk
        Task.detached { self.processAsync(json) }
    }
}

DON'T: Do heavy work synchronously in didReceive

The callback runs on an arbitrary thread. Blocking it with heavy processing or synchronous network calls delays delivery of subsequent payloads.

// WRONG — synchronous upload in callback
func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXMetricPayload]) {
    for p in payloads {
        let data = p.jsonRepresentation()
        URLSession.shared.uploadTask(with: request, from: data).resume()  // sync wait
    }
}

// CORRECT — persist and dispatch async
func didReceive(_ payloads: [MXMetricPayload]) {
    for p in payloads {
        let json = p.jsonRepresentation()
        persistLocally(json)
        Task.detached(priority: .utility) {
            await self.uploadToBackend(json)
        }
    }
}

DON'T: Expect immediate data in development

MetricKit aggregates data over 24-hour windows. Payloads do not arrive immediately after instrumenting. Use Xcode Organizer or simulated payloads for faster iteration during development.

Review Checklist

• MXMetricManager.shared.add(subscriber) called in application(_:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:) or App.init
• Subscriber conforms to MXMetricManagerSubscriber and inherits NSObject
• Both didReceive(_: [MXMetricPayload]) and didReceive(_: [MXDiagnosticPayload]) implemented
• Raw jsonRepresentation() persisted to disk before processing
• Heavy processing dispatched asynchronously off the callback thread
• MXCallStackTree JSON uploaded with dSYMs for symbolication
• Custom signpost metrics limited to critical code paths
• pastPayloads and pastDiagnosticPayloads checked on launch for missed deliveries
• Extended launch tasks call both extendLaunchMeasurement and finishExtendedLaunchMeasurement
• Analytics backend accepts and stores MetricKit JSON format
• Xcode Organizer reviewed for regression trends alongside on-device data

References

• Extended patterns: references/metrickit-patterns.md
• MetricKit framework
• MXMetricManager
• MXMetricManagerSubscriber
• MXMetricPayload
• MXDiagnosticPayload