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Odoo 19.0 Development Skill

Source-verified knowledge of Odoo 19.0 internals — ORM, module structure, core models, field types, decorators, and critical breaking changes from earlier versions. No opinions about business logic. Pure platform facts.

Version

Current stable: 19.0 (default branch on odoo/odoo GitHub as of 2026) Branch naming: 19.0, 18.0, 17.0 — each is a separate long-lived branch. Community edition: odoo/odoo. Enterprise: odoo/enterprise (private).

Module Structure

Official structure from docs.odoo.com/19.0/contributing/development/coding_guidelines:

my_module/
├── __init__.py
├── __manifest__.py
├── models/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── my_model.py
├── views/
│   └── my_model_views.xml
├── security/
│   ├── ir.model.access.csv
│   └── my_module_security.xml
├── data/
│   └── my_module_data.xml
├── controllers/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── my_controller.py
├── report/
│   └── my_report.xml
└── static/
    └── src/

__manifest__.py

{
    'name': 'My Module',
    'version': '19.0.1.0.0',   # format: <odoo_version>.<major>.<minor>.<patch>.<fix>
    'summary': 'One-line description',
    'description': """Long description""",
    'author': 'Author Name',
    'website': 'https://example.com',
    'category': 'Accounting/Accounting',
    'depends': ['base', 'account'],
    'data': [
        'security/ir.model.access.csv',
        'views/my_views.xml',
    ],
    'demo': ['demo/demo_data.xml'],
    'installable': True,
    'application': False,
    'license': 'LGPL-3',
}

Required: name, depends. Everything else is optional but recommended. version must start with the Odoo major version (19.0.).

ORM — Imports (19.0)

# Standard
from odoo import models, fields, api, Command, _
from odoo.fields import Domain
from odoo.exceptions import UserError, ValidationError, AccessError
from odoo.tools import float_compare, float_is_zero, float_round
from odoo.tools.translate import _

# Registry (CHANGED in 19.0)
from odoo.modules.registry import Registry   # NOT: from odoo import registry

Model Definition

from odoo import models, fields, api

class MyModel(models.Model):
    _name = 'my.model'
    _description = 'My Model'
    _order = 'name asc'
    _rec_name = 'name'

    name = fields.Char(string='Name', required=True)
    active = fields.Boolean(default=True)

Model types:

• models.Model — persistent, stored in PostgreSQL
• models.TransientModel — temporary, auto-cleaned (wizards)
• models.AbstractModel — mixin, no table

To extend an existing model:

class ResPartner(models.Model):
    _inherit = 'res.partner'
    my_field = fields.Char()

Field Types

Read references/fields.md for full parameter reference. Quick types:

ORM Methods

# Create
record = self.env['my.model'].create({'name': 'Test'})

# Read
record.name
records = self.env['my.model'].browse([1, 2, 3])

# Search
records = self.env['my.model'].search([('name', '=', 'Test')], limit=10, order='name asc')
count = self.env['my.model'].search_count([('active', '=', True)])

# Write
record.write({'name': 'Updated'})

# Unlink
record.unlink()

# sudo
self.env['my.model'].sudo().search([])

# with_company
self.env['my.model'].with_company(company_id).create({})

Decorators

@api.depends('field1', 'field2')          # computed field trigger
def _compute_something(self):
    for record in self:
        record.result = record.field1 + record.field2

@api.onchange('field1')                   # UI-only, not stored
def _onchange_field1(self):
    self.field2 = self.field1 * 2

@api.constrains('field1', 'field2')      # validation, raises ValidationError
def _check_something(self):
    for record in self:
        if record.field1 < 0:
            raise ValidationError("Field1 must be positive")

@api.model                                # class-level method (no self record)
def create(self, vals):
    return super().create(vals)

@api.model_create_multi                   # batch create (preferred over @api.model for create)
def create(self, vals_list):
    return super().create(vals_list)

@api.private                              # NEW in 19.0 — marks method as not RPC-accessible
def _internal_method(self):
    pass

Commands (One2many / Many2many)

from odoo import Command

# Create and link new record
Command.create({'name': 'New'})

# Link existing record (Many2many)
Command.link(record.id)

# Unlink (Many2many — remove from relation only)
Command.unlink(record.id)

# Delete record
Command.delete(record.id)

# Replace all records
Command.set([id1, id2, id3])

# Clear all
Command.clear()

# Update existing
Command.update(record.id, {'name': 'Updated'})

Domain Syntax

# Standard domain
[('field', 'operator', value)]

# Operators: =, !=, <, >, <=, >=, in, not in, like, ilike, not like, not ilike, =like, =ilike, any, not any

# Logical operators
['&', ('a', '=', 1), ('b', '=', 2)]   # AND (default)
['|', ('a', '=', 1), ('b', '=', 2)]   # OR
['!', ('a', '=', 1)]                   # NOT

# New in 17+: Domain class
from odoo.fields import Domain
d = Domain('field', '=', value)
combined = d & Domain('other', '!=', False)

Critical Breaking Changes by Version

Read references/breaking-changes.md for full list. Critical ones:

Broken in 17.0

• name_get() deprecated → override _compute_display_name instead
• read_group() deprecated → use _read_group() (internal) or formatted_read_group() (public)
• group_operator field attr deprecated → use aggregator
• Translations now stored as JSONB, not in database table

Broken in 18.0

• group_operator produces deprecation warning — must use aggregator

Broken in 19.0

• read_group removed from public API
• name_get() removed — display_name is the only way
• odoo.osv deprecated
• record._cr, record._context, record._uid deprecated (use self.env.cr, self.env.context, self.env.uid)
• HTTP routes: type='json' → must be type='jsonrpc'
• res.partner.title model removed
• from odoo import registry → from odoo.modules.registry import Registry
• UoM: use relative_uom_id for direct unit relationships
• res.groups.privilege replaces ir.module.category for group categories
• Demo data not loaded by default — must be explicitly requested
• ORM code moved to odoo/orm/ subpackage (internal restructure)

Reference Files

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