mermaid-diagrams（Mermaid 图表绘制）

Mermaid Diagrams

Create diagrams and visualizations using Mermaid markdown syntax.

Quick Reference

Mermaid diagrams are written in markdown code blocks with mermaid as the language identifier.

Flowchart

flowchart TD
    A[Start] --> B{Is it valid?}
    B -->|Yes| C[Process data]
    B -->|No| D[Show error]
    C --> E[Save to database]
    D --> F[Return to input]
    E --> G[End]
    F --> A

Flowchart Syntax

flowchart TD          %% TD = top-down, LR = left-right, RL, BT
    A[Rectangle]      %% Square brackets = rectangle
    B(Rounded)        %% Parentheses = rounded rectangle
    C{Diamond}        %% Curly braces = diamond/decision
    D[[Subroutine]]   %% Double brackets = subroutine
    E[(Database)]     %% Cylinder shape
    F((Circle))       %% Double parentheses = circle
    G>Asymmetric]     %% Flag shape

    A --> B           %% Arrow
    B --- C           %% Line without arrow
    C -.-> D          %% Dotted arrow
    D ==> E           %% Thick arrow
    E --text--> F     %% Arrow with label
    F -->|label| G    %% Alternative label syntax

Subgraphs

flowchart TB
    subgraph Frontend
        A[React App] --> B[Components]
        B --> C[Hooks]
    end

    subgraph Backend
        D[API Server] --> E[Database]
    end

    A -->|HTTP| D

Sequence Diagram

sequenceDiagram
    participant U as User
    participant C as Client
    participant S as Server
    participant D as Database

    U->>C: Click submit
    C->>S: POST /api/data
    activate S
    S->>D: INSERT query
    D-->>S: Success
    S-->>C: 200 OK
    deactivate S
    C-->>U: Show success message

Sequence Diagram Syntax

sequenceDiagram
    participant A as Alice
    participant B as Bob

    A->>B: Solid line with arrow
    A-->>B: Dotted line with arrow
    A-)B: Solid line with open arrow
    A--)B: Dotted line with open arrow

    activate B          %% Activation box
    B->>A: Response
    deactivate B

    Note over A,B: This is a note
    Note right of A: Note on right

    alt Condition true
        A->>B: Do this
    else Condition false
        A->>B: Do that
    end

    loop Every minute
        A->>B: Ping
    end

    opt Optional action
        A->>B: Maybe do this
    end

Class Diagram

classDiagram
    class User {
        +String id
        +String name
        +String email
        +login()
        +logout()
    }

    class Order {
        +String id
        +Date createdAt
        +calculateTotal()
    }

    class Product {
        +String id
        +String name
        +Number price
    }

    User "1" --> "*" Order : places
    Order "*" --> "*" Product : contains

Class Diagram Syntax

classDiagram
    class ClassName {
        +publicField
        -privateField
        #protectedField
        ~packageField
        +publicMethod()
        -privateMethod()
    }

    ClassA <|-- ClassB : Inheritance
    ClassC *-- ClassD : Composition
    ClassE o-- ClassF : Aggregation
    ClassG --> ClassH : Association
    ClassI ..> ClassJ : Dependency
    ClassK ..|> ClassL : Realization

Entity Relationship Diagram

erDiagram
    USER ||--o{ ORDER : places
    ORDER ||--|{ LINE_ITEM : contains
    PRODUCT ||--o{ LINE_ITEM : "is in"

    USER {
        string id PK
        string email UK
        string name
        datetime created_at
    }

    ORDER {
        string id PK
        string user_id FK
        datetime created_at
        string status
    }

    PRODUCT {
        string id PK
        string name
        decimal price
    }

    LINE_ITEM {
        string id PK
        string order_id FK
        string product_id FK
        int quantity
    }

ER Diagram Cardinality

||--||   One to one
||--o{   One to zero or more
||--|{   One to one or more
}o--o{   Zero or more to zero or more

Gantt Chart

gantt
    title Project Timeline
    dateFormat YYYY-MM-DD

    section Planning
    Requirements    :a1, 2024-01-01, 7d
    Design          :a2, after a1, 14d

    section Development
    Backend API     :b1, after a2, 21d
    Frontend        :b2, after a2, 28d
    Integration     :b3, after b1, 7d

    section Testing
    QA Testing      :c1, after b3, 14d
    Bug Fixes       :c2, after c1, 7d

    section Launch
    Deployment      :milestone, after c2, 0d

State Diagram

stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> Idle
    Idle --> Processing: Submit
    Processing --> Success: Valid
    Processing --> Error: Invalid
    Success --> Idle: Reset
    Error --> Idle: Retry
    Success --> [*]

Pie Chart

pie title Browser Market Share
    "Chrome" : 65
    "Safari" : 19
    "Firefox" : 10
    "Edge" : 4
    "Other" : 2

Git Graph

gitGraph
    commit
    commit
    branch feature
    checkout feature
    commit
    commit
    checkout main
    merge feature
    commit
    branch hotfix
    checkout hotfix
    commit
    checkout main
    merge hotfix

User Journey

journey
    title User Checkout Experience
    section Browse
        View products: 5: User
        Add to cart: 4: User
    section Checkout
        Enter shipping: 3: User
        Enter payment: 2: User
        Confirm order: 5: User
    section Post-Purchase
        Receive confirmation: 5: User, System
        Track shipment: 4: User

Mindmap

mindmap
    root((Project))
        Frontend
            React
            TypeScript
            Tailwind
        Backend
            Node.js
            PostgreSQL
            Redis
        DevOps
            Docker
            Kubernetes
            CI/CD

Styling

flowchart LR
    A[Start]:::green --> B[Process]:::blue --> C[End]:::red

    classDef green fill:#22c55e,color:#fff
    classDef blue fill:#3b82f6,color:#fff
    classDef red fill:#ef4444,color:#fff

React Component

import mermaid from 'mermaid';
import { useEffect, useRef } from 'react';

mermaid.initialize({
  startOnLoad: true,
  theme: 'neutral', // default, dark, forest, neutral
  securityLevel: 'loose',
});

interface MermaidProps {
  chart: string;
  id?: string;
}

export function Mermaid({ chart, id = 'mermaid-diagram' }: MermaidProps) {
  const ref = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    if (ref.current) {
      mermaid.render(id, chart).then(({ svg }) => {
        if (ref.current) {
          ref.current.innerHTML = svg;
        }
      });
    }
  }, [chart, id]);

  return <div ref={ref} className="mermaid-container" />;
}

// Usage
<Mermaid
  chart={`
    flowchart LR
      A --> B --> C
  `}
/>

Tips

1. Direction: Use TD (top-down), LR (left-right), BT (bottom-top), RL (right-left)
2. Comments: Use %% for comments
3. Quotes: Use quotes for labels with special characters: A["Label with (parentheses)"]
4. Line breaks: Use <br/> for multi-line labels

Resources

• Mermaid Docs: https://mermaid.js.org/
• Live Editor: https://mermaid.live
• GitHub Support: Mermaid works natively in GitHub markdown