grafana-scenes（格拉法纳场景）

@grafana/scenes Framework

Build reactive, data-driven Grafana plugin pages with declarative scene objects.

Core Concepts

Scenes composes a tree of objects: SceneApp → SceneAppPage → EmbeddedScene → layouts → panels. Each node can own data ($data), variables ($variables), time ranges ($timeRange), and behaviors ($behaviors) that propagate down the tree.

Quick Start: New Scene Page

1. Create the scene file

// src/components/scenes/MyFeature/scene.tsx
import {
  EmbeddedScene, SceneFlexLayout, SceneFlexItem,
  SceneQueryRunner, SceneVariableSet, QueryVariable,
  PanelBuilders, VariableValueSelectors, SceneControlsSpacer,
} from '@grafana/scenes';

export function getMyFeatureScene(params: { datasource: DataSourceRef }) {
  const queryRunner = new SceneQueryRunner({
    datasource: params.datasource,
    queries: [{ refId: 'A', expr: 'up{cluster=~"$cluster"}', instant: true, format: 'table' }],
  });

  const panel = PanelBuilders.table()
    .setData(queryRunner)
    .setTitle('My Table')
    .build();

  return new EmbeddedScene({
    $variables: new SceneVariableSet({
      variables: [
        new QueryVariable({
          name: 'cluster',
          query: 'label_values(up, cluster)',
          datasource: params.datasource,
          isMulti: true, includeAll: true, defaultToAll: true,
        }),
      ],
    }),
    controls: [new VariableValueSelectors({}), new SceneControlsSpacer()],
    body: new SceneFlexLayout({
      direction: 'column',
      children: [new SceneFlexItem({ body: panel })],
    }),
  });
}

2. Create the page

// src/components/scenes/MyFeature/MyFeature.tsx
import { SceneAppPage, SceneTimeRange } from '@grafana/scenes';

export function getMyFeaturePage(params) {
  return new SceneAppPage({
    title: 'My Feature',
    url: '/a/my-plugin-id/my-feature',
    routePath: 'my-feature/*',
    $timeRange: new SceneTimeRange({ from: 'now-1h', to: 'now' }),
    getScene: () => getMyFeatureScene(params),
    drilldowns: [],
  });
}

3. Register in SceneApp

Add the page to the SceneApp pages array in the root scene file.

Key Patterns

Drilldowns (click-through navigation)

drilldowns: [{
  routePath: ':cluster/*',
  getPage: (match, parent) => new SceneAppPage({
    title: decodeURIComponent(match.params.cluster),
    url: `${parent.state.url}/${match.params.cluster}`,
    routePath: `${match.params.cluster}/*`,
    getScene: () => detailScene(decodeURIComponent(match.params.cluster)),
  }),
}]

Tabs (sub-pages within a detail view)

Pass tabs: [SceneAppPage,...] instead of getScene on a SceneAppPage. Each tab is itself a SceneAppPage with its own scene.

Query with transformations

Wrap a SceneQueryRunner in SceneDataTransformer to apply Grafana transforms or custom RxJS operators:

new SceneDataTransformer({
  $data: queryRunner,
  transformations: [
    { id: 'organize', options: { renameByName: { 'Value #A': 'CPU' } } },
    (ctx) => (source) => source.pipe(map((frames) => /* custom transform */)),
  ],
})

Custom scene object

Extend SceneObjectBase with a static Component for custom interactive UI:

class MyWidget extends SceneObjectBase<MyWidgetState> {
  static Component = ({ model }: SceneComponentProps<MyWidget>) => {
    const state = model.useState();
    return <div>{state.value}</div>;
  };
}

Table column overrides

Build ConfigOverrideRule objects for drill-down links, filtering, units, widths, custom cells.

Panel types

PanelBuilders.table(), .timeseries(), .stat(), .gauge(), .barchart() — chain .setData(), .setTitle(), .setUnit(), .setOption(), .setOverrides(), then .build().

Common Pitfalls

• Always use routePath: 'path/*' (with wildcard) on pages that have drilldowns or tabs
• encodeURIComponent/decodeURIComponent URL params — K8s names can contain /
• Variables referenced in queries as $varName must exist in an ancestor SceneVariableSet
• getScene is called lazily; don't create side effects in the factory
• For instant queries, set both instant: true and format: 'table'

Resources

• @grafana/scenes Documentation
• @grafana/scenes npm
• Grafana Plugin Tools