front-dev（前端开发）

Web Frontend Stack

Build modern, performant web applications using Bun + Astro + React/Preact + Tailwind v4 + Shadcn UI.

Core Philosophy

Astro is always the foundation. We don't choose between Astro and React — we use them together:

• Astro handles routing, pages, layouts, and static content (zero JS by default)
• React/Preact powers interactive islands within Astro pages
• Tailwind v4 provides utility-first styling with CSS variables
• Shadcn UI gives us accessible, customizable React components
• Bun accelerates development with fast installs, builds, and testing

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                         Astro (Foundation)                       │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────────────┐  │
│  │ Static Page  │  │ Static Page  │  │    Dynamic Page      │  │
│  │   (0 JS)     │  │   (0 JS)     │  │  ┌────────────────┐  │  │
│  │              │  │              │  │  │  React Island  │  │  │
│  │  Hero.astro  │  │ About.astro  │  │  │  client:load   │  │  │
│  │  Footer.astro│  │              │  │  └────────────────┘  │  │
│  │              │  │              │  │  ┌────────────────┐  │  │
│  │              │  │              │  │  │ Preact Island  │  │  │
│  │              │  │              │  │  │ client:visible │  │  │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  │  └────────────────┘  │  │
│                                       └──────────────────────┘  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Workflow: New Project

Follow these steps when creating a new frontend project from scratch.

Step 1: Check for Agentation

Before writing any frontend code, check if the user has Agentation installed — a visual feedback tool that lets you click elements on the page and generate structured context for AI agents.

1. Look for "agentation" in package.json devDependencies
2. If NOT found, propose to the user:

Agentation provides visual feedback for AI-assisted frontend development — you click elements, add notes, and I get precise selectors and context. Want me to install it?

If they agree:

bun add -d agentation
# Also install the Claude Code skill for setup automation:
npx skills add benjitaylor/agentation

Add to the dev-only layout wrapper:

import { Agentation } from 'agentation';

// Only render in development
{import.meta.env.DEV && <Agentation />}

Step 2: Scaffold the Project

# Initialize Astro project
bun create astro@latest my-project
cd my-project

# Add integrations
bunx astro add react     # React islands
bunx astro add tailwind  # Tailwind CSS v4

# Initialize Shadcn UI
bunx shadcn@latest init
bunx shadcn@latest add button card form input dialog

# Start dev server
bun run dev

Step 3: Configure Logging

Set up LogTape for structured logging across all runtimes. See references/bun.md for full patterns.

bun add @logtape/logtape

import { configure, getConsoleSink } from '@logtape/logtape';

await configure({
  sinks: { console: getConsoleSink() },
  loggers: [{ category: ['myapp'], lowestLevel: 'info', sinks: ['console'] }],
});

Step 4: Set Up Testing

Set up Playwright for E2E testing. Ask the user which browser(s) they want:

See references/testing.md for full Playwright config, Lightpanda setup, and component testing patterns.

bun add -d @playwright/test
bunx playwright install chromium  # or user's chosen browser

Step 5: First Dev Run

bun run dev
# Open http://localhost:4321

Workflow: Existing Project

When working on an existing frontend project:

1. Detect the stack — read astro.config.mjs, package.json, tsconfig.json to understand what's already configured
2. Check for Agentation — same as Step 1 above. If missing, propose it.
3. Route to the right reference based on the task:

- Building pages/routing → references/astro.md - React/Preact components → references/react.md or references/preact.md - Styling/theming → references/tailwind.md - Forms/tables/UI → references/shadcn.md - Testing → references/testing.md - Deploying → references/deployment.md

Project Type Decision

Island Framework: React vs Preact

Both can coexist in the same Astro project:

bunx astro add react preact

File convention: *.tsx for React, *.preact.tsx for Preact (or use folders).

Hydration Strategy

State Management

Testing Strategy

See references/testing.md for full setup, browser selection, Lightpanda integration, and MSW patterns.

Tool Integration: Agentation

Agentation provides visual feedback for AI- assisted frontend development. It renders a toolbar in the bottom-right corner during development — click any element to annotate it and generate structured context with CSS selectors and positions.

Detection: Check package.json for "agentation" in devDependencies.

If not installed, propose to the user:

bun add -d agentation
npx skills add benjitaylor/agentation

Setup in Astro layout:

import { Agentation } from 'agentation';

// Dev-only — renders toolbar for visual annotation
{import.meta.env.DEV && <Agentation />}

MCP Integration: Agentation has an MCP server that lets Claude Code access annotations directly in real-time without manual copy-pasting. Recommend the user set this up for the best experience.

Requirements: React 18+, desktop browsers only.

Tool Integration: LogTape

LogTape is the preferred logging library — zero dependencies, 5.3KB, works across Node.js, Deno, Bun, browsers, and edge functions. ~2x faster than Pino with nested categories and lazy evaluation.

bun add @logtape/logtape

Key advantages over Pino:

• Multi-runtime: One logger for server + client + edge
• Library-friendly: Libraries log without configuring; apps configure sinks
• Lazy evaluation: Templates only interpolated if level is enabled
• Integrations: Express, Fastify, Hono, OpenTelemetry, Sentry

See references/bun.md for full LogTape patterns, request logging middleware, and OpenTelemetry integration.

Tool Integration: Lightpanda

Lightpanda is a Zig-based headless browser — 11x faster than Chrome, 9x less memory. CDP-compatible with Playwright.

# Install
curl -fsSL https://pkg.lightpanda.io/install.sh | bash
# Or Docker: docker run -p 9222:9222 lightpanda/browser:nightly

# Connect from Playwright
lightpanda serve --host 127.0.0.1 --port 9222

Use for: fast CI tests, web scraping, AI browser automation. Not for: visual regression, screenshot testing, CSS layout checks.

See references/testing.md for full Playwright + Lightpanda configuration.

Architecture Principles

1. Astro-First — Every page starts static, add islands only when needed
2. Mobile-First — Base styles for mobile, responsive variants for larger
3. Accessibility-First — Semantic HTML, keyboard nav, ARIA when needed
4. Performance Budget — <100KB JS per page, LCP <2.5s, CLS <0.1

Quick Start: Page with Islands

---
// src/pages/index.astro
import Layout from '../layouts/Layout.astro';
import Hero from '../components/Hero.astro';
import Counter from '../components/Counter';
import Comments from '../components/Comments';
---

<Layout title="Home">
  <Hero />                              <!-- Static: Zero JS -->
  <Counter client:load />               <!-- Immediate hydration -->
  <Comments client:visible />           <!-- Hydrate when visible -->
</Layout>

Reference Files

Consult these based on what you're working on:

Common Pitfalls