dashboard-design（仪表板设计）

Designing Vizro Dashboards

Structured requirements → layout → visualization workflow.

Workflow execution

Run Steps 1–3 in order; each step depends on the prior. Track progress:

Dashboard Development Progress:
- [ ] Step 1: Understand Requirements (define end user, dashboard goals, document decisions)
- [ ] Step 2: Design Layout & Interactions (wireframes, filter placement)
- [ ] Step 3: Select Visualizations (chart types, KPIs; colors only if user asked)

Interaction style: When gathering requirements or making design decisions, ask focused questions and present 2–5 numbered options so the user can choose quickly. Prefer using your client’s built-in multiple-choice or question UI to keep the interaction lightweight and clickable; if that isn’t available, use the same numbered format in plain text

Do not skip steps. Handle partial context as follows:

• User has data but no requirements → Start at Step 1
• User has requirements but no data → Ask for data or suggest sample data
• User has wireframes → Validate Step 1 decisions, then proceed from Step 2
• User has visual designs/mockups → Validate Steps 1-2 decisions, then proceed from Step 3
• User asks to "just build it" → Explain value of steps, offer to streamline but not skip, ask for data or suggest sample data

For simple dashboards (single page, less than 5 charts): Steps 1-3 can be abbreviated but not skipped entirely.

Spec Files: Documenting Decisions

IMPORTANT: Each step produces a spec file in the spec/ directory to document reasoning, enable collaboration, and allow resumption in future sessions. Create the spec/ directory at project start.

Step 1: Understand Requirements

Goal: Define WHAT information is presented and WHY it matters.

Key Questions to Discuss

1. Users: Who are the end users of this dashboard? Per user type: What decisions do they need to make? What task/job do they need to accomplish?
2. Goals: What is the current problem to solve? What is the goal of this dashboard?
3. Data: What sources are available? What's the refresh frequency?
4. Structure: How many pages or views? What's the logical grouping?

Design Principles

• Limit KPIs: 5–9 primary metrics per page (7 ± 2 rule)
• Clear hierarchy: Overview → Detail → Granular (max 3 levels)
• Persona-based: Different users may need different views
• Decision-focused: Every metric should inform a decision

REQUIRED OUTPUT: spec/1_information_architecture.yaml

Save this file BEFORE proceeding to Step 2:

# spec/1_information_architecture.yaml
dashboard:
  name: [Name]
  purpose: [One sentence goal]
pages:
  - name: [Page Name]
    purpose: [What question does this answer?]
    kpis: [List of 3-5 key metrics]
data_sources:
  - name: [Source Name]
    type: [csv/database/api]
decisions:
  - decision: [What was decided]
    reasoning: [Why this choice was made]

Validation Checklist

Before proceeding to Step 2:

• Every page has a clear, distinct purpose
• KPIs are measurable and actionable
• Data sources are accessible
• User has confirmed the structure

Detailed guidance: See information_architecture.md; Anti-patterns: See common_mistakes.md section "Step 1: Requirements Mistakes"

Step 2: Design Layout & Interactions

Goal: Define HOW users navigate and explore data.

Vizro Navigation Architecture

Tier 1: Global Navigation
├── Multi-page sidebar (automatic in Vizro)
└── Page selection

Tier 2: Page-level Controls
└── Filters/Parameters in left collapsible sidebar

Tier 3: Component-level
├── Container-specific filters/parameters
├── Cross-filter, cross-highlight interactions
└── Export actions

Layout Strategy

Load the designing-vizro-layouts skill for grid system, component sizing, filter placement, and selector rules. Use the wireframe templates when building ASCII wireframes for user approval.

REQUIRED OUTPUT: spec/2_interaction_ux.yaml

Save this file BEFORE proceeding to Step 3:

# spec/2_interaction_ux.yaml
pages:
  - name: [Must match Step 1]
    layout_type: grid  # or flex
    grid_columns: 12
    grid_pattern: [[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3]] # Component placement

    containers:
      - name: [Container Name]
        has_own_filters: true/false
    filter_placement:
      page_level: [columns with selector types]
      container_level: [columns with selector types]
wireframe: |
  [ASCII wireframe for ALL pages and tab views]
decisions:
  - decision: [What was decided]
    reasoning: [Why this choice was made]

Validation Checklist

Before proceeding to Step 3:

• Layout follows Vizro constraints
• Filter placement is intentional and documented
• User has been presented ASCII wireframes for every page and approved them

Anti-patterns: See common_mistakes.md section "Step 2: Layout Mistakes"

Step 3: Select Visualizations

Goal: Choose appropriate chart types and establish visual consistency.

Chart Types, Colors & KPIs

Load the selecting-vizro-charts skill for chart selection, color strategy, anti-patterns, and KPI card rules. Key design decisions:

• Match chart type to data question (bar for comparison, line for trends, pie only for 2–5 slices)
• Colors: Do NOT include color_decisions in the spec. Vizro assigns palettes automatically. Only include if the user explicitly requested custom colors in their message.
• Use built-in kpi_card / kpi_card_reference; never rebuild as custom charts

REQUIRED OUTPUT: spec/3_visual_design.yaml

Save this file BEFORE proceeding to implementation (dashboard-build skill).

# spec/3_visual_design.yaml
visualizations:
  - name: [Chart Name]
    type: [bar/line/scatter/etc]
    needs_custom_implementation: true/false
    reason: [if custom: has_reference_line/needs_data_processing/etc]

# DO NOT include color_decisions unless the user explicitly asked for custom colors in their message.

kpi_cards:
  - name: [KPI Name]
    value_column: [column]
    format: [e.g., '${value:,.0f}']
    has_reference: true/false

decisions:
  - decision: [What was decided]
    reasoning: [Why this choice was made]

Validation Checklist

Before proceeding to implementation (dashboard-build skill):

• Chart types match data types (no pie charts for time series)
• No anti-patterns used
• Custom chart needs are identified
• color_decisions is absent unless the user explicitly requested custom colors

Anti-patterns: See common_mistakes.md section "Step 3: Visualization Mistakes"

Reference Files