browserwing-executor（browserwing 执行器）

BrowserWing Executor API

Overview

BrowserWing Executor provides comprehensive browser automation capabilities through HTTP APIs. You can control browser navigation, interact with page elements, extract data, and analyze page structure.

API Base URL: http://localhost:8080/api/v1/executor, host=localhost:8080

Core Capabilities

• Page Navigation: Navigate to URLs, go back/forward, reload
• Element Interaction: Click, type, select, hover on page elements
• Data Extraction: Extract text, attributes, values from elements
• Accessibility Analysis: Get accessibility snapshot to understand page structure
• Advanced Operations: Screenshot, JavaScript execution, keyboard input
• Batch Processing: Execute multiple operations in sequence

API Endpoints

1. Discover Available Commands

IMPORTANT: Always call this endpoint first to see all available commands and their parameters.

curl -X GET 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/help'

Response: Returns complete list of all commands with parameters, examples, and usage guidelines.

Query specific command:

curl -X GET 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/help?command=extract'

2. Get Accessibility Snapshot

CRITICAL: Always call this after navigation to understand page structure and get element RefIDs.

curl -X GET 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/snapshot'

Response Example:

{
  "success": true,
  "snapshot_text": "Clickable Elements:\n  @e1 Login (role: button)\n  @e2 Sign Up (role: link)\n\nInput Elements:\n  @e3 Email (role: textbox) [placeholder: your@email.com]\n  @e4 Password (role: textbox)"
}

Use Cases:

• Understand what interactive elements are on the page
• Get element RefIDs (@e1, @e2, etc.) for precise identification
• See element labels, roles, and attributes
• The accessibility tree is cleaner than raw DOM and better for understanding page structure
• RefIDs are stable references that work reliably across page changes

3. Common Operations

Navigate to URL

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/navigate' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"url": "https://example.com"}'

Click Element

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/click' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"identifier": "@e1"}'

Identifier formats:

• RefID (Recommended): @e1, @e2 (from snapshot)
• CSS Selector: #button-id, .class-name
• XPath: //button[@type='submit']
• Text: Login (text content)

Type Text

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/type' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"identifier": "@e3", "text": "user@example.com"}'

Extract Data

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/extract' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "selector": ".product-item",
    "fields": ["text", "href"],
    "multiple": true
  }'

Wait for Element

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/wait' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"identifier": ".loading", "state": "hidden", "timeout": 10}'

Batch Operations

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/batch' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "operations": [
      {"type": "navigate", "params": {"url": "https://example.com"}, "stop_on_error": true},
      {"type": "click", "params": {"identifier": "@e1"}, "stop_on_error": true},
      {"type": "type", "params": {"identifier": "@e3", "text": "query"}, "stop_on_error": true}
    ]
  }'

4. Tab Management (NEW)

List all tabs:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/mcp/message' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "method": "tools/call",
    "params": {
      "name": "browser_tabs",
      "arguments": {"action": "list"}
    }
  }'

Create new tab:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/mcp/message' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "method": "tools/call",
    "params": {
      "name": "browser_tabs",
      "arguments": {
        "action": "new",
        "url": "https://example.com"
      }
    }
  }'

Switch to tab (by index):

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/mcp/message' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "method": "tools/call",
    "params": {
      "name": "browser_tabs",
      "arguments": {
        "action": "switch",
        "index": 1
      }
    }
  }'

Close tab (by index):

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/mcp/message' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "method": "tools/call",
    "params": {
      "name": "browser_tabs",
      "arguments": {
        "action": "close",
        "index": 2
      }
    }
  }'

Note: Tab indices are 0-based (first tab is 0, second tab is 1, etc.)

Alternative: Direct HTTP API (without MCP):

# List tabs
curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/tabs' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"action": "list"}'

# Create new tab
curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/tabs' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"action": "new", "url": "https://example.com"}'

# Switch to tab
curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/tabs' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"action": "switch", "index": 1}'

# Close tab
curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/tabs' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"action": "close", "index": 2}'

5. Form Filling (NEW)

Fill a login form:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/mcp/message' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "method": "tools/call",
    "params": {
      "name": "browser_fill_form",
      "arguments": {
        "fields": [
          {"name": "username", "value": "john@example.com"},
          {"name": "password", "value": "secret123"},
          {"name": "remember", "value": true}
        ],
        "submit": true
      }
    }
  }'

Fill a registration form:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/mcp/message' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "method": "tools/call",
    "params": {
      "name": "browser_fill_form",
      "arguments": {
        "fields": [
          {"name": "email", "value": "user@example.com"},
          {"name": "name", "value": "John Doe"},
          {"name": "age", "value": 25},
          {"name": "country", "value": "United States"},
          {"name": "subscribe", "value": true}
        ],
        "submit": false
      }
    }
  }'

Supported field types:

• Text inputs (text, email, password, url, tel, number)
• Textareas (multiline text)
• Checkboxes (true/false)
• Radio buttons (true/false)
• Select dropdowns (by text or value)

Field finding strategies:

• input[name='...']
• input[id='...']
• input[placeholder='...']
• input[aria-label='...']
• Associated label text

Alternative: Direct HTTP API (without MCP):

# Fill a login form
curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/fill-form' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "fields": [
      {"name": "username", "value": "john@example.com"},
      {"name": "password", "value": "secret123"},
      {"name": "remember", "value": true}
    ],
    "submit": true,
    "timeout": 10
  }'

# Fill a registration form (without submit)
curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/fill-form' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "fields": [
      {"name": "email", "value": "user@example.com"},
      {"name": "name", "value": "John Doe"},
      {"name": "age", "value": 25},
      {"name": "country", "value": "United States"}
    ],
    "submit": false
  }'

Response Example:

{
  "success": true,
  "message": "Successfully filled 3/3 fields and submitted form",
  "data": {
    "filled_count": 3,
    "total_fields": 3,
    "errors": [],
    "submitted": true
  }
}

Instructions

Step-by-step workflow:

1. Discover commands: Call GET /help to see all available operations and their parameters (do this first if unsure).
2. Navigate: Use POST /navigate to open the target webpage.
3. Analyze page: Call GET /snapshot to understand page structure and get element RefIDs.
4. Interact: Use element RefIDs (like @e1, @e2) or CSS selectors to:

- Click elements: POST /click - Input text: POST /type - Select options: POST /select - Wait for elements: POST /wait

1. Extract data: Use POST /extract to get information from the page.
2. Present results: Format and show extracted data to the user.

Complete Example

User Request: "Search for 'laptop' on example.com and get the first 5 results"

Your Actions:

1. Navigate to search page:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/navigate' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"url": "https://example.com/search"}'

1. Get page structure to find search input:

curl -X GET 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/snapshot'

Response shows: @e3 Search (role: textbox) [placeholder: Search...]

1. Type search query:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/type' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"identifier": "@e3", "text": "laptop"}'

1. Press Enter to submit:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/press-key' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"key": "Enter"}'

1. Wait for results to load:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/wait' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"identifier": ".search-results", "state": "visible", "timeout": 10}'

1. Extract search results:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/extract' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "selector": ".result-item",
    "fields": ["text", "href"],
    "multiple": true
  }'

1. Present the extracted data:

Found 15 results for 'laptop':
1. Gaming Laptop - $1299 (https://...)
2. Business Laptop - $899 (https://...)
...

Key Commands Reference

Navigation

• POST /navigate - Navigate to URL
• POST /go-back - Go back in history
• POST /go-forward - Go forward in history
• POST /reload - Reload current page

Element Interaction

• POST /click - Click element (supports: RefID @e1, CSS selector, XPath, text content)
• POST /type - Type text into input (supports: RefID @e3, CSS selector, XPath)
• POST /select - Select dropdown option
• POST /hover - Hover over element
• POST /wait - Wait for element state (visible, hidden, enabled)
• POST /press-key - Press keyboard key (Enter, Tab, Ctrl+S, etc.)

Data Extraction

• POST /extract - Extract data from elements (supports multiple elements, custom fields)
• POST /get-text - Get element text content
• POST /get-value - Get input element value
• GET /page-info - Get page URL and title
• GET /page-text - Get all page text
• GET /page-content - Get full HTML

Page Analysis

• GET /snapshot - Get accessibility snapshot with RefIDs (⭐ ALWAYS call after navigation)
• GET /clickable-elements - Get all clickable elements
• GET /input-elements - Get all input elements

Advanced

• POST /screenshot - Take page screenshot (base64 encoded)
• POST /evaluate - Execute JavaScript code
• POST /batch - Execute multiple operations in sequence
• POST /scroll-to-bottom - Scroll to page bottom
• POST /resize - Resize browser window

Element Identification

You can identify elements using:

1. RefID (Recommended): @e1, @e2, @e3

- Most reliable method - stable across page changes - Get RefIDs from /snapshot endpoint - Valid for 5 minutes after snapshot - Example: "identifier": "@e1" - Works with multi-strategy fallback for robustness

1. CSS Selector: #id, .class, button[type="submit"]

- Standard CSS selectors - Example: "identifier": "#login-button"

1. Text Content: Login, Sign Up, Submit

- Searches buttons and links with matching text - Example: "identifier": "Login"

1. XPath: //button[@id='login']

- XPath expressions - Example: "identifier": "//button[@id='login']"

1. ARIA Label: Elements with aria-label attribute

- Automatically searched

Guidelines

Before starting:

• Call GET /help if you're unsure about available commands or their parameters
• Ensure browser is started (if not, it will auto-start on first operation)

During automation:

• Always call /snapshot after navigation to get page structure and RefIDs
• Prefer RefIDs (like @e1) over CSS selectors for reliability and stability
• Use /wait for dynamic content that loads asynchronously
• Check element states before interaction (visible, enabled)
• Re-snapshot after page changes to get updated RefIDs
• Use /batch for multiple sequential operations to improve efficiency

Error handling:

• If operation fails, check element identifier and try different format
• For timeout errors, increase timeout value
• If element not found, call /snapshot again to refresh page structure and get new RefIDs
• Explain errors clearly to user with suggested solutions

Data extraction:

• Use fields parameter to specify what to extract: ["text", "href", "src"]
• Set multiple: true to extract from multiple elements
• Format extracted data in a readable way for user

Complete Workflow Example

Scenario: User wants to login to a website

User: "Please log in to example.com with username 'john' and password 'secret123'"

Your Actions:

Step 1: Navigate to login page

POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/navigate
{"url": "https://example.com/login"}

Step 2: Get page structure

GET http://{host}/api/v1/executor/snapshot

Response:

Clickable Elements:
  @e1 Login (role: button)

Input Elements:
  @e2 Username (role: textbox)
  @e3 Password (role: textbox)

Step 3: Enter username

POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/type
{"identifier": "@e2", "text": "john"}

Step 4: Enter password

POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/type
{"identifier": "@e3", "text": "secret123"}

Step 5: Click login button

POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/click
{"identifier": "@e1"}

Step 6: Wait for login success (optional)

POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/wait
{"identifier": ".welcome-message", "state": "visible", "timeout": 10}

Step 7: Inform user

"Successfully logged in to example.com!"

Batch Operation Example

Scenario: Fill out a form with multiple fields

Instead of making 5 separate API calls, use one batch operation:

curl -X POST 'http://{host}/api/v1/executor/batch' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "operations": [
      {
        "type": "navigate",
        "params": {"url": "https://example.com/form"},
        "stop_on_error": true
      },
      {
        "type": "type",
        "params": {"identifier": "#name", "text": "John Doe"},
        "stop_on_error": true
      },
      {
        "type": "type",
        "params": {"identifier": "#email", "text": "john@example.com"},
        "stop_on_error": true
      },
      {
        "type": "select",
        "params": {"identifier": "#country", "value": "United States"},
        "stop_on_error": true
      },
      {
        "type": "click",
        "params": {"identifier": "#submit"},
        "stop_on_error": true
      }
    ]
  }'

Best Practices

1. Discovery first: If unsure, call /help or /help?command=<name> to learn about commands
2. Structure first: Always call /semantic-tree after navigation to understand the page
3. Use semantic indices: They're more reliable than CSS selectors (elements might have dynamic classes)
4. Wait for dynamic content: Use /wait before interacting with elements that load asynchronously
5. Batch when possible: Use /batch for multiple sequential operations
6. Handle errors gracefully: Provide clear explanations and suggestions when operations fail
7. Verify results: After operations, check if desired outcome was achieved

Common Scenarios

Form Filling

1. Navigate to form page
2. Get snapshot to find input elements and their RefIDs
3. Use /type for each field: @e1, @e2, etc.
4. Use /select for dropdowns
5. Click submit button using its RefID

Data Scraping

1. Navigate to target page
2. Wait for content to load with /wait
3. Use /extract with CSS selector and multiple: true
4. Specify fields to extract: ["text", "href", "src"]

Search Operations

1. Navigate to search page
2. Get semantic tree to locate search input
3. Type search query into input
4. Press Enter or click search button
5. Wait for results
6. Extract results data

Login Automation

1. Navigate to login page
2. Get snapshot to find input fields and button RefIDs
3. Type username: @e2
4. Type password: @e3
5. Click login button: @e1
6. Wait for success indicator

Important Notes

• Browser must be running (it will auto-start on first operation if needed)
• Operations are executed on the currently active browser tab
• Semantic tree updates after each navigation and click operation
• All timeouts are in seconds
• Use wait_visible: true (default) for reliable element interaction
• Replace {host} with actual API host address
• Authentication required: use X-BrowserWing-Key header or JWT token

Troubleshooting

Element not found:

• Call /snapshot to see available elements and their RefIDs
• Try different identifier format (semantic index, CSS selector, text)
• Check if page has finished loading

Timeout errors:

• Increase timeout value in request
• Check if element actually appears on page
• Use /wait with appropriate state before interaction

Extraction returns empty:

• Verify CSS selector matches target elements
• Check if content has loaded (use /wait first)
• Try different extraction fields or type

Quick Reference

# Discover commands
GET http://{host}/api/v1/executor/help

# Navigate
POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/navigate {"url": "..."}

# Get page structure
GET http://{host}/api/v1/executor/snapshot

# Click element
POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/click {"identifier": "@e1"}

# Type text
POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/type {"identifier": "@e3", "text": "..."}

# Extract data
POST http://{host}/api/v1/executor/extract {"selector": "...", "fields": [...], "multiple": true}

Response Format

All operations return:

{
  "success": true,
  "message": "Operation description",
  "timestamp": "2026-01-15T10:30:00Z",
  "data": {
    // Operation-specific data
  }
}

Error response:

{
  "error": "error.operationFailed",
  "detail": "Detailed error message"
}