unsplash（unsplash 搜索）

Unsplash API

Search, browse, and download high-quality free photos from Unsplash's library of millions of images.

Setup & Authentication

Get your Access Key

1. Create account at https://unsplash.com/developers
2. Register a new application
3. Copy your Access Key (starts with your app name)

Store credentials

mkdir -p ~/.config/unsplash
echo "YOUR_ACCESS_KEY" > ~/.config/unsplash/access_key
chmod 600 ~/.config/unsplash/access_key

Or set environment variable:

export UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY="your_access_key_here"

Rate Limits

• Demo: 50 requests/hour
• Production: 5,000 requests/hour (after app approval)
• Only /v1/messages endpoints count; image URLs (images.unsplash.com) don't

Common Operations

Search Photos

curl "https://api.unsplash.com/search/photos?query=nature&per_page=10" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

Parameters:

• query: Search terms (required)
• page: Page number (default: 1)
• per_page: Results per page (default: 10, max: 30)
• order_by: relevant (default) or latest
• color: Filter by color (black_and_white, black, white, yellow, orange, red, purple, magenta, green, teal, blue)
• orientation: landscape, portrait, or squarish

Get Random Photo

curl "https://api.unsplash.com/photos/random?query=coffee&count=1" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

Parameters:

• query: Limit to search term (optional)
• count: Number of photos (1-30, default: 1)
• orientation: Filter by orientation
• collections: Filter by collection IDs (comma-separated)

Get Photo Details

curl "https://api.unsplash.com/photos/PHOTO_ID" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

Returns full photo metadata including EXIF, location, user info, and all image URLs.

Track Download (Required!)

Important: You MUST trigger this endpoint when downloading a photo to comply with API guidelines.

curl "https://api.unsplash.com/photos/PHOTO_ID/download" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

This increments the download counter. Response includes the download URL.

List Editorial Feed

curl "https://api.unsplash.com/photos?per_page=10" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

Browse Collections

# List all collections
curl "https://api.unsplash.com/collections?per_page=10" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

# Get collection photos
curl "https://api.unsplash.com/collections/COLLECTION_ID/photos" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

User Photos

curl "https://api.unsplash.com/users/USERNAME/photos?per_page=10" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

Working with Images

Image URLs

Every photo response includes these URLs:

{
  "urls": {
    "raw": "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-xxx?ixid=xxx",
    "full": "...?ixid=xxx&q=80&fm=jpg",
    "regular": "...?ixid=xxx&w=1080&fit=max",
    "small": "...?w=400&fit=max",
    "thumb": "...?w=200&fit=max"
  }
}

Dynamic Resizing

Add parameters to any image URL (keep the ixid parameter!):

• w=1500: Set width
• h=800: Set height
• dpr=2: Device pixel ratio
• q=75: Quality (1-100)
• fm=jpg: Format (jpg, png, webp, avif)
• fit=crop: Fit mode (crop, max, clip)
• crop=entropy: Crop mode

Example:

https://images.unsplash.com/photo-xxx?ixid=xxx&w=1500&h=1000&fit=crop&q=85

BlurHash Placeholders

Each photo includes a blur_hash field - a compact string representation for showing blurred placeholders while images load.

{
  "blur_hash": "LoC%a7IoIVxZ_NM|M{s:%hRjWAo0"
}

Response Structure

Photo Object (abbreviated)

{
  "id": "LBI7cgq3pbM",
  "created_at": "2016-05-03T11:00:28-04:00",
  "width": 5245,
  "height": 3497,
  "color": "#60544D",
  "blur_hash": "LoC%a7IoIVxZ_NM|M{s:%hRjWAo0",
  "description": "A man drinking coffee",
  "urls": { "raw": "...", "full": "...", "regular": "..." },
  "links": {
    "download": "...",
    "download_location": "https://api.unsplash.com/photos/xxx/download"
  },
  "user": {
    "username": "johndoe",
    "name": "John Doe",
    "profile_image": { "small": "...", "medium": "...", "large": "..." }
  }
}

Search Response

{
  "total": 133,
  "total_pages": 7,
  "results": [ /* array of photo objects */ ]
}

Best Practices

Attribution

Always attribute photos to their creators:

Photo by [Name] on Unsplash

Link to photographer's Unsplash profile when possible.

Download Tracking

• Call /photos/:id/download before allowing users to download
• This is required by Unsplash API Guidelines
• Don't use it for just displaying images (that's tracked automatically via hotlinking)

Hotlinking

• You can hotlink images directly from images.unsplash.com
• These don't count against rate limits
• Views are tracked automatically
• Always keep the ixid parameter in URLs

Caching

• Public endpoints (search, photos) are cacheable
• Consider caching search results client-side to reduce API calls

Quick Reference

# Store key
export UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY="your_key"

# Search
curl "https://api.unsplash.com/search/photos?query=ocean&per_page=5" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

# Random photo
curl "https://api.unsplash.com/photos/random?query=mountains" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

# Get photo
curl "https://api.unsplash.com/photos/PHOTO_ID" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

# Track download (required when downloading!)
curl "https://api.unsplash.com/photos/PHOTO_ID/download" \
  -H "Authorization: Client-ID ${UNSPLASH_ACCESS_KEY}"

Notes

• Base URL: https://api.unsplash.com
• All responses are JSON
• Pagination via page and per_page parameters
• Link headers provide first/prev/next/last page URLs
• Image requests to images.unsplash.com don't count against rate limits
• Keep the ixid parameter when using/manipulating image URLs
• For production use, apply for increased rate limits in your dashboard

Common Filters

Colors

black_and_white, black, white, yellow, orange, red, purple, magenta, green, teal, blue

Orientations

landscape, portrait, squarish

Sort Options

• Photos: latest, oldest, popular
• Search: relevant, latest

Error Handling

• 401 Unauthorized: Invalid or missing access key
• 403 Forbidden: Rate limit exceeded or forbidden action
• 404 Not Found: Photo/user/collection doesn't exist

Check X-Ratelimit-Remaining header to monitor your rate limit status.