Angular Testing
Test Angular v20+ applications with Vitest (recommended) or Jasmine, focusing on signal-based components and modern patterns.
Vitest Setup (Angular v20+)
Angular v20+ has native Vitest support through the @angular/build package.
npm install -D vitest jsdomConfigure in angular.json:
{
"projects": {
"your-app": {
"architect": {
"test": {
"builder": "@angular/build:unit-test",
"options": {
"tsConfig": "tsconfig.spec.json",
"buildTarget": "your-app:build"
}
}
}
}
}
}Run tests:
ng test # Run tests
ng test --watch # Watch mode
ng test --code-coverage # With coverageFor Vitest migration from Jasmine and advanced configuration, see references/vitest-migration.md.
Basic Component Test
import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
import { ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { Counter } from './counter.component';
describe('Counter', () => {
let component: Counter;
let fixture: ComponentFixture<Counter>;
beforeEach(async () => {
await TestBed.configureTestingModule({
imports: [Counter], // Standalone component
}).compileComponents();
fixture = TestBed.createComponent(Counter);
component = fixture.componentInstance;
fixture.detectChanges();
});
it('should create', () => {
expect(component).toBeTruthy();
});
it('should increment count', () => {
expect(component.count()).toBe(0);
component.increment();
expect(component.count()).toBe(1);
});
it('should display count in template', () => {
component.count.set(5);
fixture.detectChanges();
const element = fixture.nativeElement.querySelector('.count');
expect(element.textContent).toContain('5');
});
});Testing Signals
Direct Signal Testing
import { signal, computed } from '@angular/core';
describe('Signal logic', () => {
it('should update computed when signal changes', () => {
const count = signal(0);
const doubled = computed(() => count() * 2);
expect(doubled()).toBe(0);
count.set(5);
expect(doubled()).toBe(10);
count.update(c => c + 1);
expect(doubled()).toBe(12);
});
});Testing Component Signals
@Component({
selector: 'app-todo-list',
template: `
<ul>
@for (todo of filteredTodos(); track todo.id) {
<li>{{ todo.text }}</li>
}
</ul>
<p>{{ remaining() }} remaining</p>
`,
})
export class TodoList {
todos = signal<Todo[]>([]);
filter = signal<'all' | 'active' | 'done'>('all');
filteredTodos = computed(() => {
const todos = this.todos();
switch (this.filter()) {
case 'active': return todos.filter(t => !t.done);
case 'done': return todos.filter(t => t.done);
default: return todos;
}
});
remaining = computed(() => this.todos().filter(t => !t.done).length);
}
describe('TodoList', () => {
let component: TodoList;
let fixture: ComponentFixture<TodoList>;
beforeEach(async () => {
await TestBed.configureTestingModule({
imports: [TodoList],
}).compileComponents();
fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TodoList);
component = fixture.componentInstance;
});
it('should filter active todos', () => {
component.todos.set([
{ id: '1', text: 'Task 1', done: false },
{ id: '2', text: 'Task 2', done: true },
{ id: '3', text: 'Task 3', done: false },
]);
component.filter.set('active');
expect(component.filteredTodos().length).toBe(2);
expect(component.remaining()).toBe(2);
});
});Testing OnPush Components
OnPush components require explicit change detection:
@Component({
changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush,
template: `<span>{{ data().name }}</span>`,
})
export class OnPushCmpt {
data = input.required<{ name: string }>();
}
describe('OnPushCmpt', () => {
it('should update when input signal changes', () => {
const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(OnPushCmpt);
// Set input using setInput (for signal inputs)
fixture.componentRef.setInput('data', { name: 'Initial' });
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(fixture.nativeElement.textContent).toContain('Initial');
// Update input
fixture.componentRef.setInput('data', { name: 'Updated' });
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(fixture.nativeElement.textContent).toContain('Updated');
});
});Testing Services
Basic Service Test
@Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' })
export class CounterService {
private _count = signal(0);
readonly count = this._count.asReadonly();
increment() { this._count.update(c => c + 1); }
reset() { this._count.set(0); }
}
describe('CounterService', () => {
let service: CounterService;
beforeEach(() => {
TestBed.configureTestingModule({});
service = TestBed.inject(CounterService);
});
it('should increment count', () => {
expect(service.count()).toBe(0);
service.increment();
expect(service.count()).toBe(1);
});
});Service with HTTP
import { HttpTestingController, provideHttpClientTesting } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
import { provideHttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
describe('UserService', () => {
let service: UserService;
let httpMock: HttpTestingController;
beforeEach(() => {
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
providers: [
provideHttpClient(),
provideHttpClientTesting(),
],
});
service = TestBed.inject(UserService);
httpMock = TestBed.inject(HttpTestingController);
});
afterEach(() => {
httpMock.verify(); // Verify no outstanding requests
});
it('should fetch user by id', () => {
const mockUser = { id: '1', name: 'Test User' };
service.getUser('1').subscribe(user => {
expect(user).toEqual(mockUser);
});
const req = httpMock.expectOne('/api/users/1');
expect(req.request.method).toBe('GET');
req.flush(mockUser);
});
});Mocking Dependencies
Using Vitest Mocks
import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
describe('UserProfile', () => {
const mockUserService = {
getUser: vi.fn(),
updateUser: vi.fn(),
user: signal<User | null>(null),
};
beforeEach(async () => {
vi.clearAllMocks();
mockUserService.getUser.mockReturnValue(of({ id: '1', name: 'Test' }));
await TestBed.configureTestingModule({
imports: [UserProfile],
providers: [
{ provide: UserService, useValue: mockUserService },
],
}).compileComponents();
});
it('should call getUser on init', () => {
const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(UserProfile);
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(mockUserService.getUser).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1');
});
});Mock Signal-Based Service
const mockAuth = {
user: signal<User | null>(null),
isAuthenticated: computed(() => mockAuth.user() !== null),
login: vi.fn(),
logout: vi.fn(),
};
beforeEach(async () => {
await TestBed.configureTestingModule({
imports: [ProtectedPage],
providers: [
{ provide: AuthService, useValue: mockAuth },
],
}).compileComponents();
});
it('should show content when authenticated', () => {
mockAuth.user.set({ id: '1', name: 'Test User' });
const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(ProtectedPage);
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(fixture.nativeElement.querySelector('.protected-content')).toBeTruthy();
});Testing Inputs and Outputs
@Component({
selector: 'app-item',
template: `<div (click)="select()">{{ item().name }}</div>`,
})
export class ItemCmpt {
item = input.required<Item>();
selected = output<Item>();
select() {
this.selected.emit(this.item());
}
}
describe('ItemCmpt', () => {
it('should emit selected event on click', () => {
const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(ItemCmpt);
const item: Item = { id: '1', name: 'Test Item' };
fixture.componentRef.setInput('item', item);
fixture.detectChanges();
let emittedItem: Item | undefined;
fixture.componentInstance.selected.subscribe(i => emittedItem = i);
fixture.nativeElement.querySelector('div').click();
expect(emittedItem).toEqual(item);
});
});Testing Async Operations
Using fakeAsync
import { fakeAsync, tick, flush } from '@angular/core/testing';
it('should debounce search', fakeAsync(() => {
const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(SearchCmpt);
fixture.detectChanges();
fixture.componentInstance.query.set('test');
tick(300); // Advance time for debounce
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(fixture.componentInstance.results().length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
flush(); // Flush remaining timers
}));Using waitForAsync
import { waitForAsync } from '@angular/core/testing';
it('should load data', waitForAsync(() => {
const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(DataCmpt);
fixture.detectChanges();
fixture.whenStable().then(() => {
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(fixture.componentInstance.data()).toBeDefined();
});
}));Testing HTTP Resources
@Component({
template: `
@if (userResource.isLoading()) {
<p>Loading...</p>
} @else if (userResource.hasValue()) {
<p>{{ userResource.value().name }}</p>
}
`,
})
export class UserCmpt {
userId = signal('1');
userResource = httpResource<User>(() => `/api/users/${this.userId()}`);
}
describe('UserCmpt', () => {
let httpMock: HttpTestingController;
beforeEach(async () => {
await TestBed.configureTestingModule({
imports: [UserCmpt],
providers: [
provideHttpClient(),
provideHttpClientTesting(),
],
}).compileComponents();
httpMock = TestBed.inject(HttpTestingController);
});
it('should display user name after loading', () => {
const fixture = TestBed.createComponent(UserCmpt);
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(fixture.nativeElement.textContent).toContain('Loading');
const req = httpMock.expectOne('/api/users/1');
req.flush({ id: '1', name: 'John Doe' });
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(fixture.nativeElement.textContent).toContain('John Doe');
});
});For advanced testing patterns including component harnesses, router testing, form testing, and directive testing, see references/testing-patterns.md.
For Vitest migration from Jasmine, see references/vitest-migration.md.